Curling rod for cold permanent waving of hair



Mal-c115, 1946. 5 GRANT 2,395,965

CURLING ROD FOR COLD PERMANENT WAVING OF HAIR Eiled- Oct. -7, 1944 fin/Emmi 11 v 54/1125; 5R4? Arum/V52 Patented Mar. 5, 1946 CURLING ROD FOR COLD PERMANENT WAVING OF HAIR Samuel Grant, Chicago, asslgnor to Products 7 Development, Inc., Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application October 7, 1944, Serial No. 557,684

9 Claims. (Cl

The invention relates to rnprovements in curling rods and particularly to a curling rod. for permanent waving of hair, of a kind especially adapted for use in the process commonly referred to as cold waving.

In cold-permanent waving of hair. the hair is divided into a large number of individual tresses which are thoroughly saturated with a cold permanent waving solution and are then wound upon separate curling rods for further processing. After the waving solution has acted for a predetermined period of time upon the wound tress of hair, the tress is subjected to a neutralizing solution which step further action of the waving solution.

It is necessary, in order to obtain complete saturation of the tress, that the waving solution permeate the innermost strands of the wound tress and similarly thatthe neutralizing solution likewise uniformly penetrate the wound The device of that application,-

however, while highly satisfactory and useful for the purposes intended embodies certain impractical features of construction which, because of the manner of assembly, materially increase the cost of manufacture and make it necessary, should any repair thereof be required, to return the entire unit to the manufacturer.

The curling rod of the present invention is designed to'overcome these objectionable characteristicsin that the means to retain the tress wound upon the curling rod is so attached to said rod as to be easily and quickly anchored in place thereon at the time of the manufacture, or disconnected therefrom should its replacement become necessary or desirable.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a hair curling rod, for cold permanent waving of hair, with improved means for fastening a strand or the like thereto, provided to retain a tress wound thereon.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cold wave curling rod with improved means to facilitate attachment of a strand used to fasten a tress wound upon the curling rod against unwinding, which means is especially adapted for low cost manufacturing and easy and quick removal should replacement thereof become necessary.

'. Another object of the invention is to provide such a strand with a removable bead or the like arranged on the free end thereof, fashioned so as to facilitate its being easily and quickly attached to or removed from the strand end.

Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawing which by way of illustration shows a preferred embodiment and the principle thereof and which is considered to be the best mode for applying that, principle. Other embodiments of the invention, embodying the same or equivalent principle, may be used and structural changes may be made as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention and the purview of the appended claims.

In the drawing,

Fig. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a cold permanent hair waving rod embodying features of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the curling rod showing a fragment of the strand attached thereto.

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view taken on substantially line 3-3 of Fi 2.

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of the end of the rod shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an elevational view of the other end of the rod.

Fig. 6 is an end elevational view of the bead attached to thefree end of the strand.

Fig. '7 is a sectional detail view of the bead shown in Fig. 6. v

Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing the application of the curling rod of the present invention.

I Fig. 9 is an end elevational view of a curling rod showing a modified form of construction.

Fig. 10 is a detail elevational view, partly in section, taken along line lfl-lll of Fig. 9.

The curling rod of the present invention may be made of any suitable material since the particular form selected for illustration will lend itself well to the manufacturing processes involved in the use of various materials. However, it has been found that a rod made of moldable thermo-plastic material, such as polystyrene, or the like, is very practical and highly satisfactory. It should be understoodalso, that the specific type of curling rod herein illustrated,'

while preferable, is not essential to practicing the present invention since any suitable mandrel employed for the same general purpose and provided with a strand or like-element'attached to one end thereof may embody the details of the present invention.

As shown, the curling rod It consists of an elongated body having its mid-portion of ,uniformly contracted diameter which gradually increases towardsthe opposite ends of the rod to provide end portions of substantially larger diameter. This formation enables a hair'tress to be wound substantially uniformly upon the rod, the thickest portion of the wound tress normally falling in the middle of the rod and thinning out towards the ends to provide a substantially cylindrical roll thereupon. As is perhaps best illustrated in Fig. 8, the construction of the rod selected for illustration is such that the curl may be formed and brought relatively close to the scalp, whereupon it is secured on the rod in its wound condition by means of a strand II, which is, for all practical purposes, firmly anchored at one end to one end of said rod anddetachably secured at its free'end to the other end of said rod.

The. curler rod I l in addition to ng a gradually reduced diameter at its medial portion, is provided with longitudinal groove l3 arranged equidistant about the circumference thereof, which grooves terminate adjacent the enlarged ends of said rod and gradually recede in depth and width as the center of the rod is approached. One purpose of these grooves is to facilitate the penetration of the waving solution and the neutralizing solutions to the innermost strands of hair during the hair curling process, and they are more particularly described in the copending application mentioned hereinabove.- The grooves further serve to provide friction means on the surface of the curler rod to prevent slipping of the tress of hair and of the operator's fingers during the winding operation, and if desired the entire surface of the rod may be roughened slightly to further increase frictional resistance to slipping.

After a tres of hair has been fully wound upon the rod II, it is, as mentioned hereinabove, fastened a ainst unwinding by means of the 2,395,960 p I opening i! in the manner illustrated and said I end portion is provided with a ferrule ll which may be in the form of a flat ribbon of sheet metal or like material clenched around said end. The ferrule I 8 is of such external size as Y to fit freely within the lead-in opening IE but it is prevented from being withdrawn through with the shoulder IS. The specific construction and manner of securing theend of the strand I! to the end of the rod H, insofar as it has been described hereinbefore, is substantially like that shown and strand 1!. The strand [2 preferably is a flexible element made of rubber or other rubberlike material and of a length preferably equivalent to or somewhat shorter than the curling ro-i' ll, so as to compel stretching thereof when the strand is secured over the wound tress in a manner to be described hereinafter.

As best shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, one end of the strand I2 is secured to one end of the rod II as by having the end of the strand anchored within the end of the rod. For this purpose, the end of the rod to which the end of the strand is attached is provided with an axial bore i4 which extends a short distance inwardly from said end and communicates with a radial bore I 5 which, for the purpose of description, may 'be termed a lead-in opening. The lead-in opening I5 is of a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bore I 4, so as 'to provide an internal abruptness at I 6 which claimed in my copending application aforementioned. Considerable diiiiculty has, nowever, been encountered in the manufacture of these curler rods, particularly in the operation of threading the strand through the lead-in opening I! and bore if, so as to position the ferrule [8 against the shoulder 16. i

The present invention contemplates means to improve the manner by which the strand I2 is attached to or removed from the end of the curler rod without excessive departure from the construction of the otherwise entirely satisfactory earlier device. Accordingly, the end portion of the curler rod I 2 having the bore l4 and leadin opening li'is provided with a slot l9 communicating with the bore portions and with the outside surface of the rod end portion. This slot I9 is of a width considerably less than the diameter of the bore [4 and also preferably is smaller than the width or breadth of the strand l2; The strand I 2 is, in the present invention, inserted into the bores l4 and i5 by initially holding the same against the end portion of the curler rod II and then drawing, as by stretching, said strand downwardly into the slot l9, which is held in register therewith, so as to cause the strand l2 to pass clear through said slot and enter the lead-in opening I5 and bore l4, whereupon it is retained by the ferrule l8 in the manner previously described.

It should be evident that as soon as the strand l2 enters the bore l4 and lead-in opening l5, it assumes its initial width, and as a result it cannot freely be withdrawn outwardly through the slot l9. However, should the occasion arise when it is desired to remove the strand l2, as when a strand breaks or otherwise becomes useless through deterioration, said strand may be again stretched sufliciently to reduce its width and then be drawn upwardly and outwardly through the slot l9.

After a tress of hair has been wound upon the curler, the free end of the strand I 2 is drawn across the curl, as best shown in Fig. 8, and its free end is engaged in means provided at the other end of the rod I l for retaining said strand in such position. Such means preferably comprises a bifurcated construction on the end of the rod which may consist of a pair of right angularly related diametrical strand receiving slots 2|, best shown in Fig. 5, of sufficient width at their mouths to receive the strand l2 freely therein. The walls of each slot 2| preferably converge wedgelike towards the closed inner ends of the slots so as to effect a secure binding or clutching of the strand therein even when said strand is stretched to its elastic limits.

In order to facilitate grasping of the end of the strand l2 to engage it in the slots M, the free end of said strand is provided with a bead 22, or like element, which may be formed'of thermo-plastic material. This element .preferably is frusto-conical in shape at one end, as

at 23, and has a semi-spherical portion 2| defining its otherend. -As best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the bead 22 has a longitudinal bore 25 extending therethrough provided inwardly of one end with an internal shoulder 26. The bore is adapted to receive snugly therein the free end of the strand I2. A ferrule 21, like the ferrule l8. likewise is provided on this end of the strand and said ferrule 21 abuts the shoulder in the bead 26 to prevent removal of the bead from the strand.

Considerable difiiculty has also been occasioned in the assembly of beads of the kind described hereinabove on the ferruled end of a strand and this is overcome in the present invention by providing said bead witharadial slot 28 coextensive with its length communicating with the bore 25 much in the same manner as the slot I9 on the end of the curler rod ll communicates with the bores l4 and 15 therein. Accordingly, the bead may be attached readily to the strand l2 simply by stretching said strand suiiiciently to enable it to pass into and through the slot 28 to rest within the bore 25. Upon release of the strand it returns to its normal size and movement outwardly through the slot 28 is prevented.

In Figs. 9 and the curler rod is shown with an end formed with intersecting diametrical slots, similar to those best shown in Fig. 5, wherein each slot is provided with novel means to facilitate admittance and clamping of the free end of the strand I2. I

As shown, the rod Ila is provided with intersecting diametrical slots m defining a plurality of pairs of fingerlike projections 30, the opposed side walls of which constitute the side walls of the slots 2m and are adapted to frictionally and bindingly engage the strand when the latter is drawn into either one of the slots after having been carried across the tress of hair wound on said rod. One wall of each of the slots 2la is preferably formed with a protuberance or other projection 3| adjacent its closed bottom end for restricting the breadth of said slot at said end only. The protuberance 3| preferably is formed with a substantially smooth contour which gradually merges with the related wall portion 50 as to avoid injury to the strand and also to facilifltate its easy positioning within the slot.

As best illustrated in Fig. 10, the protuberance 3| is of a length substantially equal to two-thirds of the depth of the slot 21a so that at least a portion of said slot adjacent its open end is of sufiicient width to easily admit the strand therein.

It should be evident that after a strand has been arranged over-the curl on thecurling devicefiand its end positioned in register with one of the slots 2|a it may easily be drawn deeply into said slot and be bindingly held against displacement resulting from its confinement in the narrow space between the protuberance 3| and the opposed side wall of the slot.

It should be obvious at this time that the instant construction not only materially reduces the time and effort required to assemble curler rods and strands, but also that the improved construction is such as to permit new strands provided with ferrules l8 and 21 to be easily and quickly anchored to curler rods as replacements for strands rendered unusable through breakage or deterioration.

Although a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described in detail in the foredue to the wedging or clamping action going specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, it is to be understood that the invention is capable of embodying certain modifications in details of construction and that the specific form of curling rod herein described is not essential to the operation and function of the invention constituting the subject matter of the present application.

1. In combination, in a permanent waving hair curling rod structure, an elongated body, a short axial bore and a radial lead-in opening for the bore of larger diameter than said bore terminating in a shoulder at its juncture with the'axial bore, said axial bore and said lead-in opening having a common. slot in their side walls placing the bore and lead-in opening in communication with the outside surface of the body, a fastening strand emerging from said axial bore, said strand being insertable into said bore and lead-in opening through said slot, and means adjacent the end of said strand within said leadin opening of such dimension as, to abut said shoulder to anchor the strand against axial withdrawal from the bore.

2. In a hair curling rod, an elongated body adapted to have a hair tress wound thereon, a

resiliently compressible fastening strand detachably anchored at one end to one end of said body, intersecting diametrical slots on the other end of said body, said slots being of a width to receive the free end of said strand when said strand is extended across a hair tress wound upon said body to prevent said tress from unwinding and a protuberance on at least one wall of each slot inwardly of its open end to restrict its width so as to clutch the strand when the latter is drawn deeply into the slot.

3. In a hair curling rod, an elongated body adapted to have a hair tress wound thereon, a resiliently compressible fastening strand detachably anchored at one end to one end of said body, spaced pairs of extensions on the other end of the body defining a plurality f slots to selectively receive the free end of the strand thereon when the strand is extended across a hair tress wound upon said body, and an elongated protuberance on each extension, one located adjacent the base of each slot to restrict the width of said slot adjacent the base and effect tight binding of the strand when the latter is drawn deeply into the restricted area.

4. A permanent hair curling rod comprising, in combination, an elongated body and a fastening strand anchored at and projecting from one end of said body, means at the other end of said body to receive the free end of said strand when the latter is drawn across the length of said body, said means consisting of spaced extensions defining slots to selectively receive the free end of said strand, and a protuberance on each extension constituting a portion of one wall of each slot to restrict the width of the slots at their bases to less than the breadth of said strand so as to sion as to abut said shoulder to anchor the strand against axial withdrawal from the bore.

6. In a hair curling rod, an elongated bodyadapted to have a hair tress wound thereon, a fastening strand detachably anchored at one end to one end of said body, intersecting diametrical slots on the other end of said body, said slots being of a width to receive the free end of said strand when said strand is extended across a hair tress wound upon said body to prevent said tress from unwinding, and a protuberance on at least one wall of each slot inwardly of its open end to restrict its width so as to clutch the strand when the latter is drawn deeply into the slot.

7. In combination, a permanent wave curling rod structure, an elongated body, an axial bore and a lead-in opening for the bore at one end of said body, a. shoulder at the juncture between said bore and lead-in opening, said axial bore and said lead-in opening having a common slot in their side walls placing the bore and lead-in opening in connection with the outside surface 0! the body, a fastening strand emerging from said axial bore, said strand being insertable into said bore and lead-in opening through said slot, means adjacent the strand end within said lead-in opening of a diameter to abut the shoulder to anchor the strand against axial withdrawal from said bore, and means on the other endof the strand when the latter is drawn across a. hair tress curled on said rod.

8. In combination, a permanent wave curling rod structure, an elongated body, an axial bore and a lead-in opening for the bore at one end of said body, a shoulder at the juncture between said bore and lead-in opening, said axial bore and said lead-in opening having a common slot in their side walls placing the bore and lead-in opening in connection with the outside surface of the body, a fastening strand emerging from said axial bore, said strand being insertable into said bore and lead-in opening through said slot, means adjacent the strand end within said lead-in opening of a diameter to abut the shoulder to anchor the strand against axial withdrawal from said bore, intersecting diametrical slots on the other end of said body, said slots being of a width to receive the free end of said strand when said strand is extended across a hair tress wound upon said body to prevent said hair tress from unwinding, and a protuberance on at least one wall of each slot inwardly of its open end to restrict its width so as to clutch the strand when the latter is drawn deeply into the slot.

9. In combination, a permanent wave curling rod structure, an elongated body, an axial bore and a lead-in opening for the bore at one end of said body, a shoulder at the juncture between said bore and lead-in opening, said axial bore and said lead-in opening having a common slot.

in their side walls placing the bore and lead-in opening in connection with the outside surface of the body, a fastening strand emerging from said axial bore, said strand being insertable into said bore and lead-in opening through said slot, means adjacent the strand end within said leadin opening of a diameter to abut the shoulder to anchor the strand against axial withdrawal from said bore, intersecting diametrical slots on the other end of said body, and a protuberance on at least one wall of each slot inwardly of its open end to restrict its width so as to clutch the strand when the latter is drawn deeply into the slot.

- SAMUEL GRANT. 

